Error Handling

Error Response Format

All API errors follow a consistent JSON format:

{
  "statusCode": 401,
  "message": "API key is required. Please provide a valid V2 API key in the X-API-Key header.",
  "error": "Unauthorized", 
  "timestamp": "2024-01-15T10:30:00.123Z",
  "path": "/api/v2/news"
}

Error Fields

statusCode (integer)
HTTP status code (400, 401, 403, 429, 500, etc.) message (string)
Human-readable error description error (string)
Error category/type timestamp (string)
When the error occurred (ISO 8601 UTC) path (string)
API endpoint that generated the error

HTTP Status Codes

400 Bad Request

Invalid request parameters or malformed request.

{
  "statusCode": 400,
  "message": "Limit must be between 1 and 100",
  "error": "Bad Request",
  "timestamp": "2024-01-15T10:30:00.123Z",
  "path": "/api/v2/news"
}

Common causes:

limit parameter outside 1-100 range
minImportance parameter outside 1-10 range
Invalid cursor format
Malformed query parameters

Solution:

const validateParams = (params) => {
  if (params.limit && (params.limit < 1 || params.limit > 100)) {
    throw new Error('limit must be between 1 and 100');
  }
  if (params.minImportance && (params.minImportance < 1 || params.minImportance > 10)) {
    throw new Error('minImportance must be between 1 and 10');
  }
};

401 Unauthorized

Missing or invalid API key.

{
  "statusCode": 401,
  "message": "API key is required. Please provide a valid V2 API key in the X-API-Key header.",
  "error": "Unauthorized",
  "timestamp": "2024-01-15T10:30:00.123Z",
  "path": "/api/v2/news"
}

Common causes:

Missing X-API-Key header
Invalid API key format (doesn’t start with byul_v2_)
Expired or revoked API key

Solution:

const makeAuthenticatedRequest = async (endpoint, params = {}) => {
  const apiKey = process.env.BYUL_API_KEY;
  
  if (!apiKey || !apiKey.startsWith('byul_v2_')) {
    throw new Error('Invalid API key format. Must start with byul_v2_');
  }
  
  const response = await fetch(`https://api.byul.ai/api/v2${endpoint}`, {
    headers: { 'X-API-Key': apiKey }
  });
  
  if (response.status === 401) {
    throw new Error('Authentication failed. Check your API key.');
  }
  
  return response;
};

402 Payment Required

Plan expired or payment issue.

{
  "statusCode": 402,
  "message": "Plan expired",
  "error": "Payment Required",
  "timestamp": "2024-01-15T10:30:00.123Z",
  "path": "/api/v2/news"
}

Solutions:

Update payment method in dashboard
Upgrade to a paid plan
Contact support for billing issues

403 Forbidden

Feature not available on current plan.

{
  "statusCode": 403,
  "message": "Feature not available on current plan",
  "error": "Forbidden",
  "timestamp": "2024-01-15T10:30:00.123Z",
  "path": "/api/v2/news"
}

Solutions:

Upgrade to Pro or Enterprise plan
Check pricing page for feature availability

429 Too Many Requests

Rate limit exceeded.

{
  "statusCode": 429,
  "message": "Too many requests",
  "error": "Too Many Requests",
  "timestamp": "2024-01-15T10:30:00.123Z", 
  "path": "/api/v2/news"
}

Rate limits by plan:

Test: 30 requests/minute
Starter: 60 requests/minute
Pro/Enterprise: 120 requests/minute

Headers included:

X-V2-RateLimit-Limit: 120
X-V2-RateLimit-Remaining: 0  
X-V2-RateLimit-Used: 120
X-V2-RateLimit-Reset: 1704628800

500 Internal Server Error

Server-side error.

{
  "statusCode": 500,
  "message": "Internal server error",
  "error": "Internal Server Error",
  "timestamp": "2024-01-15T10:30:00.123Z",
  "path": "/api/v2/news"
}

Solutions:

Check status page
Retry with exponential backoff
Contact support if persistent

Testing Error Scenarios

Test Authentication Errors

Test missing API key (401 error):

curl -X GET "https://api.byul.ai/api/v2/news"

Test invalid API key (401 error):

curl -X GET "https://api.byul.ai/api/v2/news" \
  -H "X-API-Key: invalid_key"

Test Bad Request Errors

Test invalid limit parameter (400 error):

curl -X GET "https://api.byul.ai/api/v2/news?limit=999" \
  -H "X-API-Key: byul_api_key"

Test invalid importance score (400 error):

curl -X GET "https://api.byul.ai/api/v2/news?minImportance=99" \
  -H "X-API-Key: byul_api_key"

Test Rate Limits

Test rapid requests to trigger 429 error:

# Send multiple requests quickly
for i in {1..10}; do
  curl -X GET "https://api.byul.ai/api/v2/news" \
    -H "X-API-Key: byul_api_key" &
done
wait

Check Rate Limit Headers

View current rate limit status:

curl -X GET "https://api.byul.ai/api/v2/news?limit=1" \
  -H "X-API-Key: byul_api_key" \
  -I  # Include response headers

Retry Logic

Exponential Backoff

Implement retry logic with exponential backoff for temporary failures:

const exponentialBackoff = async (
  fn, 
  maxRetries = 3, 
  baseDelay = 1000
) => {
  for (let attempt = 0; attempt < maxRetries; attempt++) {
    try {
      return await fn();
    } catch (error) {
      const isRetryable = [429, 500, 502, 503, 504].includes(error.status);
      
      if (!isRetryable || attempt === maxRetries - 1) {
        throw error;
      }
      
      const delay = baseDelay * Math.pow(2, attempt);
      const jitter = Math.random() * 1000; // Add jitter to prevent thundering herd
      
      console.log(`Retry attempt ${attempt + 1} after ${delay + jitter}ms`);
      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, delay + jitter));
    }
  }
};

// Usage
const getNewsWithRetry = async () => {
  return exponentialBackoff(async () => {
    const response = await fetch('https://api.byul.ai/api/v2/news', {
      headers: { 'X-API-Key': process.env.BYUL_API_KEY }
    });
    
    if (!response.ok) {
      const error = new Error(`HTTP ${response.status}`);
      error.status = response.status;
      throw error;
    }
    
    return response.json();
  });
};

Rate Limit Handling

Handle rate limits gracefully:

const makeRateLimitAwareRequest = async (endpoint, params = {}) => {
  const response = await fetch(`https://api.byul.ai/api/v2${endpoint}`, {
    headers: { 'X-API-Key': process.env.BYUL_API_KEY }
  });
  
  // Check rate limit headers
  const rateLimit = {
    limit: parseInt(response.headers.get('X-V2-RateLimit-Limit')),
    remaining: parseInt(response.headers.get('X-V2-RateLimit-Remaining')),
    used: parseInt(response.headers.get('X-V2-RateLimit-Used')),
    reset: parseInt(response.headers.get('X-V2-RateLimit-Reset'))
  };
  
  if (response.status === 429) {
    const resetTime = new Date(rateLimit.reset * 1000);
    const waitTime = resetTime - new Date();
    
    console.log(`Rate limited. Waiting ${waitTime}ms until ${resetTime}`);
    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, waitTime));
    
    // Retry the request
    return makeRateLimitAwareRequest(endpoint, params);
  }
  
  // Warn when approaching rate limit
  if (rateLimit.remaining < 10) {
    console.warn(`Low rate limit remaining: ${rateLimit.remaining}/${rateLimit.limit}`);
  }
  
  return response.json();
};

Error Handling Patterns

Comprehensive Error Handler

class ByulAPIError extends Error {
  constructor(statusCode, message, error, path) {
    super(message);
    this.name = 'ByulAPIError';
    this.statusCode = statusCode;
    this.error = error;
    this.path = path;
  }
}

const handleApiResponse = async (response) => {
  if (response.ok) {
    return response.json();
  }
  
  const errorData = await response.json().catch(() => ({}));
  
  throw new ByulAPIError(
    response.status,
    errorData.message || `HTTP ${response.status}`,
    errorData.error || 'Unknown Error',
    errorData.path || response.url
  );
};

const safeApiCall = async (endpoint, options = {}) => {
  try {
    const response = await fetch(`https://api.byul.ai/api/v2${endpoint}`, {
      ...options,
      headers: {
        'X-API-Key': process.env.BYUL_API_KEY,
        ...options.headers
      }
    });
    
    return await handleApiResponse(response);
  } catch (error) {
    if (error instanceof ByulAPIError) {
      switch (error.statusCode) {
        case 400:
          console.error('Bad Request:', error.message);
          break;
        case 401:
          console.error('Authentication failed:', error.message);
          break;
        case 402:
          console.error('Payment required:', error.message);
          break;
        case 403:
          console.error('Forbidden:', error.message);
          break;
        case 429:
          console.error('Rate limited:', error.message);
          break;
        case 500:
          console.error('Server error:', error.message);
          break;
        default:
          console.error('API error:', error.message);
      }
    }
    throw error;
  }
};

Circuit Breaker Pattern

Implement circuit breaker to handle persistent failures:

class CircuitBreaker {
  constructor(threshold = 5, timeout = 60000) {
    this.threshold = threshold;
    this.timeout = timeout;
    this.failureCount = 0;
    this.lastFailTime = null;
    this.state = 'CLOSED'; // CLOSED, OPEN, HALF_OPEN
  }
  
  async call(fn) {
    if (this.state === 'OPEN') {
      if (Date.now() - this.lastFailTime > this.timeout) {
        this.state = 'HALF_OPEN';
      } else {
        throw new Error('Circuit breaker is OPEN');
      }
    }
    
    try {
      const result = await fn();
      this.onSuccess();
      return result;
    } catch (error) {
      this.onFailure();
      throw error;
    }
  }
  
  onSuccess() {
    this.failureCount = 0;
    this.state = 'CLOSED';
  }
  
  onFailure() {
    this.failureCount++;
    this.lastFailTime = Date.now();
    
    if (this.failureCount >= this.threshold) {
      this.state = 'OPEN';
    }
  }
}

const apiCircuitBreaker = new CircuitBreaker();

const resilientApiCall = async (endpoint) => {
  return apiCircuitBreaker.call(async () => {
    return safeApiCall(endpoint);
  });
};

Monitoring and Alerting

Health Check Implementation

const healthCheck = async () => {
  try {
    const response = await fetch('https://api.byul.ai/api/v2/news/health');
    const data = await response.json();
    
    if (data.status === 'healthy' && data.hasData) {
      return { healthy: true, message: 'API is operational' };
    } else {
      return { healthy: false, message: 'API reports unhealthy status' };
    }
  } catch (error) {
    return { healthy: false, message: `Health check failed: ${error.message}` };
  }
};

// Run health checks periodically
setInterval(async () => {
  const health = await healthCheck();
  if (!health.healthy) {
    console.error('API Health Alert:', health.message);
    // Send alert to monitoring system
  }
}, 60000); // Check every minute

Request Logging

const loggedApiCall = async (endpoint, params = {}) => {
  const startTime = Date.now();
  const requestId = Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9);
  
  console.log(`[${requestId}] API Request: ${endpoint}`, params);
  
  try {
    const result = await safeApiCall(endpoint, params);
    const duration = Date.now() - startTime;
    
    console.log(`[${requestId}] API Success: ${duration}ms`, {
      itemCount: result.items?.length,
      hasMore: result.hasMore
    });
    
    return result;
  } catch (error) {
    const duration = Date.now() - startTime;
    
    console.error(`[${requestId}] API Error: ${duration}ms`, {
      status: error.statusCode,
      message: error.message
    });
    
    throw error;
  }
};

Error Recovery Strategies

Graceful Degradation

const getNewsWithFallback = async (filters = {}) => {
  try {
    // Try primary endpoint
    return await safeApiCall('/news', { method: 'GET' });
  } catch (error) {
    if (error.statusCode >= 500) {
      // Server error - try health check endpoint as fallback
      console.warn('Primary endpoint failed, checking service health');
      
      const health = await healthCheck();
      if (!health.healthy) {
        // Return cached data or empty state
        return { items: [], hasMore: false, error: 'Service temporarily unavailable' };
      }
    }
    
    throw error;
  }
};

Data Caching

class NewsCache {
  constructor(ttlMs = 300000) { // 5 minute TTL
    this.cache = new Map();
    this.ttl = ttlMs;
  }
  
  get(key) {
    const item = this.cache.get(key);
    if (!item) return null;
    
    if (Date.now() - item.timestamp > this.ttl) {
      this.cache.delete(key);
      return null;
    }
    
    return item.data;
  }
  
  set(key, data) {
    this.cache.set(key, {
      data,
      timestamp: Date.now()
    });
  }
}

const newsCache = new NewsCache();

const getCachedNews = async (filters = {}) => {
  const cacheKey = JSON.stringify(filters);
  const cached = newsCache.get(cacheKey);
  
  if (cached) {
    console.log('Returning cached data');
    return cached;
  }
  
  try {
    const data = await safeApiCall('/news');
    newsCache.set(cacheKey, data);
    return data;
  } catch (error) {
    // Return stale cache if available during errors
    const stale = newsCache.cache.get(cacheKey);
    if (stale) {
      console.warn('Returning stale cached data due to API error');
      return stale.data;
    }
    throw error;
  }
};

Getting Started

News

Error Handling

Examples

Error Handling

Error Response Format

Error Fields

HTTP Status Codes

400 Bad Request

401 Unauthorized

402 Payment Required

403 Forbidden

429 Too Many Requests

500 Internal Server Error

Testing Error Scenarios

Test Authentication Errors

Test Bad Request Errors

Test Rate Limits

Check Rate Limit Headers

Retry Logic

Exponential Backoff

Rate Limit Handling

Error Handling Patterns

Comprehensive Error Handler

Circuit Breaker Pattern

Monitoring and Alerting

Health Check Implementation

Request Logging

Error Recovery Strategies

Graceful Degradation

Data Caching

​Error Response Format

​Error Fields

​HTTP Status Codes

​400 Bad Request

​401 Unauthorized

​402 Payment Required

​403 Forbidden

​429 Too Many Requests

​500 Internal Server Error

​Testing Error Scenarios

​Test Authentication Errors

​Test Bad Request Errors

​Test Rate Limits

​Check Rate Limit Headers

​Retry Logic

​Exponential Backoff

​Rate Limit Handling

​Error Handling Patterns

​Comprehensive Error Handler

​Circuit Breaker Pattern

​Monitoring and Alerting

​Health Check Implementation

​Request Logging

​Error Recovery Strategies

​Graceful Degradation

​Data Caching

Error Response Format

Error Fields

HTTP Status Codes

400 Bad Request

401 Unauthorized

402 Payment Required

403 Forbidden

429 Too Many Requests

500 Internal Server Error

Testing Error Scenarios

Test Authentication Errors

Test Bad Request Errors

Test Rate Limits

Check Rate Limit Headers

Retry Logic

Exponential Backoff

Rate Limit Handling

Error Handling Patterns

Comprehensive Error Handler

Circuit Breaker Pattern

Monitoring and Alerting

Health Check Implementation

Request Logging

Error Recovery Strategies

Graceful Degradation

Data Caching